An ultrasound study of Connemara Irish palatalization and velarization

An ultrasound study of secondary lingual articulations in Irish. Secondary palatalization is phonologically contrastive for almost all consonants in Irish. Though the phonology of secondary palatalization in Irish is well-understood, the articulatory implementation of this contrast is comparatively understudied. In our study, we find consistent tongue body displacement for all phonologically palatalized consonants, and active backing for all ‘plain’ (velarized) consonants, regardless of place, manner, or vowel context. These results differ from previous auditory descriptions, which report at most weak tongue body movement for labial consonants, as well as some variation by vowel context. We also find very little evidence of CV coarticulation for backness, at either C onset or offset, and attribute the coarticulatory resistance of Irish consonants to their inherent contrastive backness specifications.