Edict forcing the Jews of Ferrara to wear in public a yellow badge in order to identify them as Jews, 1741. The edict notes that this badge was already in practice in Rome and in Venice. The emblem of the city of Ferrara is on the top. Recently acquired by the Yale U. Library.
The Nazis did not invent yellow markings as a means of both identifying and humiliating Jews. They borrowed what had been done in Europe in the past.